The dead load of a bridge includes:

The correct answer is A. Weight of bridge structure itself. In structural engineering, the term dead load refers to the permanent and immovable load acting on a bridge throughout its service life. It primarily includes the self-weight of the bridge structure, such as girders, decks, piers, parapets, and other fixed components. These loads remain constant and are considered during the design phase to ensure structural stability and safety. In contrast, vehicle load and live load are variable loads caused by moving traffic or pedestrians, while wind load is an environmental force acting externally on the structure. Hence, the self-weight of the bridge alone is categorized as the dead load of a bridge.